Which nutrients does whole milk not provide sufficient amounts of for an infant, making it an inadequate substitute for formula?

Whole milk is not an adequate substitute for infant formula primarily because it lacks sufficient amounts of vitamin C and iron. Infants have unique nutritional needs that must be met for proper growth and development, which is why exclusive breastfeeding or suitable infant formula is recommended during the first year of life.

Vitamin C is essential for the absorption of iron and the overall health of the immune system. An infant that is solely fed whole milk runs the risk of developing deficiencies since this nutrient is not present in significant amounts in milk. Furthermore, iron is crucial for preventing anemia and supporting cognitive development. Whole milk does not provide the necessary amounts of iron, which can lead to iron deficiency anemia if relied upon as a primary food source.

Although whole milk provides some important nutrients, it falls short in key areas required for an infant's complete nutrition, emphasizing the importance of using breast milk or formula formulated to address these specific needs.